After an initial molecular derangement consisted in an abnormal tissue metabolism, different physiologic and anatomic derangements take place, including cartilage degradation, bone remodeling, osteophyte formation, joint inflammation and loss of normal function 1. The disease is characterized by cell stress and extracellular matrix degradation in which pro-inflammatory pathways of innate immunity are activated. Osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic musculoskeletal disease with a polygenic and heterogeneous nature that involves movable joints.
The data presented here indicate a link between obesity in knee OA patients and mtDNA haplogroup A. The statistical cross-validation strategy confirmed the robustness of the regression model. The subsequent logistic regression analysis, including as covariate the interaction between obesity and mtDNA haplogroup A, supported the significant association of this interaction (OR 2.57 95% CI 1.24–5.32 p-value = 0.011). The frequency distribution of the mtDNA haplogroups between OA patients and healthy controls for obese and non-obese groups showed the haplogroup A as significantly over-represented in knee OA patients within the obese group (OR 2.23 95% CI 1.22–4.05 p-value = 0.008).
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All the analyses were performed using boot, GmAMisc and epiR package from R software v4.0.2 and SPSS software v24. To ensure the robustness of the predictive model, a statistical cross-validation strategy of B = 1000 iterations was used. A set of clinical and demographic variables, including obesity status, were considered to perform appropriate statistical approaches, including chi-square contingency tables, regression models and interaction analyses. Both Caucasian and Amerindian mtDNA haplogroups were assigned by single base extension assay. Samples were obtained from (n = 353) knee OA patients (KL grade ≥ I) and (n = 364) healthy controls (KL grade = 0) from Mexico city and Torreon (Mexico). To evaluate the influence of mitochondrial DNA haplogroups on the risk of knee OA in terms of their interaction with obesity, in a population from Mexico.
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